London North Eastern Railway (LNER) is a UK government-owned rail company operating mainline passenger services primarily on the East Coast Main Line, connecting London with key cities such as York, Newcastle, and Edinburgh. Established in June 2018 following the collapse of Virgin Trains East Coast, LNER was brought back into public ownership under the Department for Transport’s operator of last resort to maintain vital rail services on this corridor[1]. LNER’s modern incarnation leverages cutting-edge technology, operating Hitachi-built “Azuma” Class 800/1 and 800/2 trains, which are designed for high-speed travel with enhanced passenger comfort and efficiency. This aligns with LNER’s commitment to innovation and providing a superior travel experience on one of the UK’s most important rail routes[1][6]. The company has deep historical roots dating back to the original London and North Eastern Railway formed in 1923 as part of the Railways Act 1921. The original LNER was one of the "Big Four" railway companies, managing an extensive network including the East Coast Main Line, services reaching Scotland, and major routes east of the Pennines. It was notable for iconic trains such as the Flying Scotsman and the Silver Jubilee service, which set new standards in speed and luxury travel during the early 20th century[2][5][7]. In its current form, LNER continues to uphold this legacy through modern operations that combine technological advancements with a historical heritage of excellence. It manages a significant route network, with up to three daily services on its longest route between London and Inverness, covering 580 miles in about eight hours. The company also manages 11 stations and serves 58 step-free stations along its routes, emphasizing accessibility and customer service[4]. With around 3,200 employees and annual revenues estimated at $40.2 million, LNER remains a crucial player in the UK rail sector, blending public ownership with a focus on innovation